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Impact of recurrent extreme drought events and shrub invasion on Mediterranean cork-oak ecosystem functioning and resilience

 

The overall aim of this proposal is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of the cumulative effects of extreme drought events and shrub invasion on the functioning and resilience of water-limited Mediterranean cork-oak ecosystems, as a model system, and to project areas of vulnerability under future climate change.

 

Fig.1 | Mediterranean cork-oak stand invaded by a dense Cistus ladanifer understory, Vila Viçosa, Portugal.

 

Recurrent extreme climate events such as droughts are projected to increase in many regions worldwide and can strongly affect ecosystem functioning. Concurrently, plant invasion is augmenting, causing the second largest threat to biodiversity. However, there is a lack of knowledge on how these two factors interact and impact ecosystem functioning and resilience. We will use a Mediterranean cork-oak ecosystems of high socio-economic and conservation value as a model system which is currently endangered by the invasion of Cistus ladanifer shrubs due to drought and lack of management. Simultaneously, extreme droughts are predicted to increase over Southwest-Europe, but with strong spatial heterogeneity in terms of duration and severity.

 

Fig. 2 | Relative precipitation anomalies during winter 2011/2012 over Europe (December 2011 to February 2012) relative to long-term mean (1950-2013).

 

The project is based on an interdisciplinary approach consisting of a) plant ecophysiology and experimental ecosystem research implementing a multifactorial rain exclusion and shrub removal experiment to identify critical thresholds of ecosystem functioning; b) regionalisation of multi-model climate projections for the provision of representative and highly spatially resolved drought scenarios; c) mechanistic ecosystem modelling of a land surface scheme with realistic representations of the key processes including soil-vegetation, plant-plant and climate-vegetation interactions.

 

Figure 5. Conceptual figure of ecosystem response to synergistic effects of invasion and extreme

drought coupled with the forecasted increasing dryness. Caldeira et al. 2015.

 

Partners: Christiane Werner, Maria Caldeira, Raquel Lobo de Vale  (ISA, Lisbon), Joaquim Pinto (KIT, Karlsruhe), Matthias Cuntz (INRA, Nancy), Maren Dubbert (Freiburg), Miguel Bugalho (CEABN Inbio, ISA, Lisbon)

 

Caldeira, M., Lecomte, X., David, T., Pinto, J.G., Bugalho, M.M., Werner, C. (2015). Synergistic effects of plant invasion and extreme drought reduce ecosystem functioning and resilience. Sci Reports 5: 15110

 

List of project publications (DFG WE2681/10-1, 2017-2022)

Peer-reviewed articles

  1. Moemken, J.; Koerner, B.; Ehmele, F.; Feldmann, H.; Pinto, J.G. (2022). Recurrence of Drought Events Over Iberia. Part II: Future Changes Using Regional Climate Projections. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 74(1), 262-279. DOI: 10.16993/tellusa.52
  2. Moemken, J., Pinto, J.G. (2022). Recurrence of Drought Events Over Iberia. Part I: Methodology and Application for Present Climate Conditions. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 74(1), 222-235. DOI: 10.16993/tellusa.50
  3. Haberstroh, Simon; Werner, Christiane; Grün, Michel; Kreuzwieser, Jürgen; Seifert, Thomas; Schindler, Dirk; Christen, Andreas (2022). Central European 2018 hot drought shifts Scots Pine forest to its tipping point. Plant Biology, 24(7), 1186-1197. DOI: 10.1111/plb.13455
  4. Meischner, Mirjam; Haberstroh, Simon; Daber, L. Erik; Kreuzwieser, Jürgen; Caldeira, Maria C.; Schnitzler, Jörg-Peter; Werner, Christiane (2022). Soil VOC emissions of a Mediterranean woodland are sensitive to shrub invasion. Plant Biology, 24(6), 967-978. DOI: 10.1111/plb.13445
  5. Haberstroh, Simon, Werner, Christiane (2022) The role of species interactions for forest resilience to drought. Plant Biology, 24(7), 1098-1107. DOI: 10.1111/plb.13415
  6. Haberstroh, Simon; Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel; Caldeira, Maria C.; Dubbert, Maren; Cuntz, Matthias; Werner, Christiane (2022). Plant invasion modifies isohydricity in Mediterranean tree species. Functional Ecology, 36(9), 2384-2398. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14126
  7. Haberstroh, Simon; Caldeira, Maria C.; Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel; Martins, Joana I.; Moemken, Julia; Pinto, Joaquim G.; Werner, Christiane (2021). Non-linear plant-plant interactions modulate impact of extreme drought and recovery on a Mediterranean ecosystem. New Phytologist, 231(5), 1784-1797, DOI: 10.1111/nph.17522
  8. Haberstroh, Simon; Caldeira, Maria C.; Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel; Dubbert, Maren; Werner, Christiane (2020). Determination of zero-flow conditions for the thermal dissipation method in a Mediterranean cork-oak ecosystem. Acta Horticulturae, 1300, 29–36. DOI: 17660/ActaHortic.2020.1300.5
  9. Dubbert, Maren; Caldeira, Maria; Dubbert, David; Werner, Christiane (2019). A pool-weighted perspective on the two-water-worlds hypothesis. New Phytologist, 222(3), 1271–1283. DOI: 10.1111/nph.1567
  10. Haberstroh, Simon; Kreuzwieser, Jürgen; Boeddeker, Helena; Eiblmeier, Monika; Gutte, Helene; Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel; Caldeira, Maria C.; Werner, Christiane (2019). Natural carbon isotope composition distinguishes compound groups of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) in two Mediterranean species. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 2, 55. DOI: 10.3389/ffgc.2019.00055
  11. Yáñez-Serrano, Ana Maria; Fasbender, Lukas; Kreuzwieser, Jürgen; Dubbert, David; Haberstroh, Simon; Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel; Caldeira, Maria C.; Werner, Christiane (2018). Volatile diterpene emission by two Mediterranean Cistaceae shrubs. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 6855. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25056-w
  12. Haberstroh, Simon; Kreuzwieser, Jürgen; Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel; Caldeira, Maria C.; Dubbert, Maren; Werner, Christiane (2018). Terpenoid emissions of two Mediterranean woody species in response to drought stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1071. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01071
  13. Caldeira, Maria C.; Lecomte, Xavier; David, Teresa S.; Pinto, Joaquim G.; Bugalho, Miguel N.; Werner, Christiane (2015). Synergistic effects of plant invasion and extreme drought reduce ecosystem functioning and resilience. Scientific Reports, 5(1), 15110. DOI: 10.1038/srep15110

 

Associated manuscripts

  1. Cernusak, L. A., Barbeta, A., Bush, R. T., Eichstaedt (Bögelein), R., Ferrio, J. P., Flanagan, L. B., Gessler, A., Martín-Gómez, P., Hirl, R. T., Kahmen, A., Keitel, C., Lai, C.-T., Munksgaard, N. C., Nelson, D. B., Ogée, J., Roden, J. S., Schnyder, H., Voelker, S. L., Wang, L., Stuart-Williams, H., Wingate, L., Yu, W. Zhao, L., Cuntz, M. (2022). Do 2H and 18O in leaf water reflect environmental drivers differently? New Phytologist, 235(1), 41- doi:10.1111/nph.18113
  2. Hase, N., Doktor, D., Rebmann, C., Dechant, B., Mollenhauer, H., Cuntz, M. (2022). Identifying the main drivers of the seasonal decline of near-infrared reflectance of a temperate deciduous forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 313, 108746. doi:1016/j.agrformet.2021.108746

 

Conference Contributions

  1. Hase, N., Doktor, D., Cuntz, M., Rebmann, C., Lange, M. (2018). Is near-infrared reflectance of a forest canopy driven by sun elevation and leaf biochemical constituents? European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, Vienna, Austria.
  2. Hase, N., Cuntz, M., Doktor, D., Rebmann, C., Dechant, B., Lange, M., Lehman, S., Mollenhauer, H., Schulz, G. (2018). Measurements and simulations of seasonal changes in canopy reflectance of a deciduous forest. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, Washington, D.C., USA.
  3. Cernusak, L. A., Barbeta, A., Bögelein, R., Bush, R., Ferrio, J. P., Flanagan, L., Gessler, A., Hirl, R., Kahmen, A., Keitel, C., Lai, C.-T., Munksgaard, N., Nelson, D., Ogée, J., Roden, J., Schnyder, H., Voelker, S., Wang, L., Stuart-Williams, H., Wingate, L., Yu, W., Zhao, L., Cuntz, M. (2019). The dominant environmental driver of leaf water stable isotope composition differs for d2H compared to d18O. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  4. Haberstroh, S., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Caldeira, M.C., Dubbert, M., Werner, C. (2019). Impact of recurrent extreme drought events and shrub invasion on Mediterranean cork oak ecosystem functioning and resilience. European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, poster presentation.
  5. Haberstroh, S., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Caldeira, M.C., Dubbert, M., Werner, C. (2019). Functioning and resilience of Mediterranean cork oak ecosystems under recurrent extreme droughts and plant invasion. European Ecological Federation 2019, Lisbon, Portugal, oral presentation.
  6. Haberstroh, S., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Caldeira, M.C., Dubbert, M., Werner, C. (2019). Determination of zero-flow conditions for the thermal dissipation method in a Mediterranean cork-oak ecosystem. International Society for Horticultural Science 2019, XI International workshop on sap flow, Hyytiälä, Finland, oral presentation.
  7. Haberstroh, S., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Werner, C., Dubbert, M., Pinto, J.G., Cuntz, M., Bugalho, M.N., Caldeira, M.C. (2019). Mediterranean ecosystems under threat: impact of recurrent extreme drought events and shrub invasion on savannah-type cork oak forests in Portugal. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting 2019, San Francisco, USA, CA, USA, poster presentation.
  8. Cuntz, M, Barbeta, A., Bögelein, R., Bush, R., Ferrio, J. P., Flanagan, L., Gessler, A., Hirl, R., Kahmen, A., Keitel, C., Lai, C.-T., Martín-Gómez, P., Munksgaard, N., Nelson, D., Ogée, J., Roden, J., Schnyder, H., Voelker, S., Wang, L., Stuart-Williams, H., Wingate, L., Yu, W., Zhao, L., Cernusak, L. A. (2020). The dominant environmental driver of leaf water stable isotope composition differs for d2H compared to d18O. European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, Online.
  9. Haberstroh, S., Caldeira, M.C., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Martins, J., Dubbert, M., Pinto, J.G., Cuntz, M., Bugalho, M.N., Werner, C. (2020). Mediterranean cork oak woodlands and global changes: Synergistic and negative effects of recurrent droughts and shrub encroachment. European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, Online.
  10. Lobo-do-Vale, R., Martins, J., Haberstroh, S., Werner, C., Caldeira, M.C. (2020). Nitrogen and phosphorus resorption efficiencies change under drought and shrub encroachment in a Mediterranean ecosystem. European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, Online.
  11. Haberstroh, S., Caldeira, M.C., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Martins, J.I., Moemken, J., Pinto, J.G., Werner, C. (2021). Non-linear response of Mediterranean ecosystem to interaction of drought and plant invasion. European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, Online.
  12. Haberstroh, S., Caldeira, M.C., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Martins, J.I., Moemken, J., Pinto, J.G., Werner, C. (2021). Pflanzeninvasion verändert den Einfluss von extremer Trockenheit auf die Funktionsweise und Erholungsfähigkeit von mediterranen Korkeichenwäldern. Forstwissenschaftliche Tagung 2021, München, Germany, Online.
  13. Lobo-do-Vale, R., Haberstroh, S., Martins, J., Rafael T., Nogueira, C., Werner, C., and Caldeira, M.C. (2022). The impact of drought and shrub encroachment on carbon assimilation of a Mediterranean oak woodland. XV Portuguese-Spanish Symposium on Plant Water Relations 2022, Lisbon, Portugal, oral presentation.
  14. Haberstroh, S., Meischner, M.R., Caldeira, M.C., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Daber, L.E., Kreuzwieser, J., Schnitzler, J.-P., Werner, C. (2022). Shrub encroachment alter above- and belowground processes in a Mediterranean cork oak ecosystem. Aboveground-Belowground Interactions 2022, Marseille, France, oral presentation.
  15. Haberstroh, S., Werner, C., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Caldeira, M.C. (2022). Lessons learned from a combined precipitation and shrub invasion manipulation experiment in a Mediterranean cork oak ecosystem. European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, oral presentation.
  16. Meischner, M., Haberstroh, S., Daber, L.E., Kreuzwieser, J., Schnitzler J.-P. and Werner, C. (2022). Shrub encroachment alters soil VOC emissions pattern in a Mediterranean cork oak ecosystem. Jahrestagung der DBG 2022, Trier, Germany, poster presentation.
  17. Haberstroh, S., Caldeira, M.C., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Werner, C. (2022). Hydraulic strategies of two woody Mediterranean species are dynamic. 5. Xylem International Meeting 2022, Würzburg, Germany, oral presentation.
  18. Moemken, J, Koerner, B, Ehmele, F, Feldmann, H, Pinto, JG (2022). Recurrence of drought events over Iberia under present and future climate conditions. DAMOCLES Compound Events Final Conference, Lisbon, oral presentation.
  19. Cuntz, M., Ryder, J., Haberstroh, S., Caldeira, M. C., Lobo do Vale, R., Joetzjer, E., Werner, C. (2022). Cork oaks adapt root water uptake if invaded by Cistus shrubs. SFE2-GfÖ-EEF joint meeting, Ecology and Evolution: New perspectives and societal challenges, Metz, France, oral presentation.
  20. Haberstroh, S., Caldeira, M.C., Lobo-do-Vale, R., Dubbert, M., Cuntz, M., Werner, C. (2022) Plant hydraulic behaviour is dynamic in two woody Mediterranean species. SFE2-GfÖ-EEF joint meeting, Ecology and Evolution: New perspectives and societal challenges, Metz, France, poster presentation.